I. Note before construction of steel structure
1.1 Prepare labor protection equipment
Preparing for safety at work is very important to help prevent accidents at work. Protective gear depends on the activities and work of each department, but in general, protective gear includes:
Reflective protective clothing
Safety helmets, seat belts
Cloth paper or tarps, soft gloves
Safety goggles, device bag
Scaffold
Safety nets
Lifeline
1.2 Pay attention to the weather
Erection of steel structures for factory buildings that need to be studied before the weather. See what the weather forecast is like that day. Heavy rain and wet weather will make it difficult for workers to work at high, slippery or windy locations, so machines such as cranes should not be used to hoist materials.
1.3 Inspection of equipment, materials, tools, means of transport
Equipment, materials or tools, means of transport need to be checked for certificates of origin and origin before being put into assembly. Especially structural bolts and anchor bolts, it is used to connect important members of steel frame buildings.
1.4 Consideration of building space
Construction space needs to be carefully considered. The vehicles and scaffolding are large and bulky. Therefore, in order to create the best conditions for movement, you must ensure that the space is large and tidy, prioritizing the construction of the concrete part of the foundation, walkways and solid foundations.
It is necessary to calculate the space so that it can provide enough means to travel between positions on the steel frame such as stairs and walkways with guardrails. The first priority option is to design temporary walkways with wooden trusses or long-span steel bridges. If construction is done at a height of over 6m (equivalent to two floors), it is mandatory to have a temporary floor made of tight-fitting planks. Steel scaffolding and ladder carts are devices that increase safety, especially when there are enough walkways, reinforcement boards, temporary floors and clear construction.
II. Notes while erecting steel structure
The steel structure construction process has a lot of work to do. Here are the basic jobs to ensure while processing steel structures:
Processing steel truss frame: The processed steel truss frame needs to meet the standard data as the drawing
Erection of steel truss frame, roof, door console: Installation must connect them firmly, paying attention to the tonnage. When installing, it is necessary to ensure labor safety.
Installation of roof corrugated iron: The roof corrugated iron layer needs to be connected to the joints.
Install corrugated iron wall
Installing gutters and drainage pipes: Choose an appropriate location for gutters and drainage pipes. Not to affect the general structure of the steel truss
Install frills.
2.1 Making steel structure design
Making steel structure design table
The design of steel structure must be coordinated between the designer as well as the installation contractor. This will optimize the construction plan, bringing the project to the highest quality. Combine pre-existing conditions on site and basic design theories for flexibility in structural steel design.
2.2 Supervision of the installation of steel structures
Each stage can be performed by different units and construction teams. Please appoint someone to supervise the entire installation and design process of steel structures to ensure that the requirements and quality are met.
2.3 Notes when moving up and down the construction site of steel structures
Dangerous operations such as climbing on the bare steel bar, walking on the beams... are still performed frequently. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate and provide adequate means of transporting materials... Prepare and fully prepare labor protection plans. Scaffolding must be sure, there is a comfortable path for the construction workers. There must be a safety net in the building placed in the best safe position on the 2nd floor.
In addition, the work is planned and the construction site is designed to start from the ground, then gradually increase according to the building components and then move to another location by the lifting machine. In general, ladders should be installed before the steel structure is installed to aid in getting up and down. The ladder should be fastened to the steel frame to avoid danger to people standing on it when the ladder is moved, for example moving the ladder with a crane after it is fastened.
2.4 Checking the lock, column system, truss beam
Checking the lock is an important job, especially for multi-storey steel buildings. The system of columns, beams or trusses is an important foundation, so it is necessary to meticulously check for absolute certainty after the construction and erection of the locking truss. Must check to see if it has been moved, moved or not to have a remedial plan.
2.5 Checking structural bolt tightening force
It is necessary to check and tighten bolts of grade 4,6/s and 8,8/s. Additional spacers or shims should be used to ensure effective contacting of the transmission faces when the bond is tightened. Bolt tightening, and final tightening of bolts should be carried out from the hardest part of the joint to the edge of the connections.
Must align the position and direction of the bolt to see if it has met the requirements before creating a tightening force. Do not tighten the bolts that have been made before. In cases where it is necessary to tighten the tightened bolts, the principle must be followed:
Only perform tightening once where the bolt is still in the correct hole with the same arm length.
Never reuse fully tightened bolts in another position.
Excellent galvanized bolts should not be re-tightened.
Further tightening or re-tightening of bolts loosened when tightening adjacent bolts is not considered re-tensioning.
An important point to note here is that the final tightening of the bolts is only carried out after the required azimuth and altitude alignment.
2.6 It is necessary to check the main structural bearing of the steel frame workshop
Must check the bearing of the main structure of the pre-engineered steel factory. Checking the correct azimuth will make the installation easier for the builder. Do not connect structures with permanent bonds.
III. Notes after processing and erecting steel structures
After the steel structure processing is completed, it is time for the acceptance test. Acceptance and construction of steel structures must also follow the process and should be noted:
Acceptance of construction work: Check whether the scaffolding system and construction process ensure labor safety.
Acceptance and acceptance of completion of construction and installation phase: inspecting objects for acceptance at the site, checking records of work and related components.
Acceptance and acceptance of work completion: All completed areas must be checked and recorded on the handover minutes, with detailed information before being put into use.
